References

Barrett, Natasha. 2002. “Spatio-Musical Composition Strategies.” Organised Sound 7 (3): 313–323. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355771802003114.

Bauck, Jerald L., and Duane H. Cooper. 1996. “Generalized Transaural Stereo and Applications.” Journal of the Audio Engineering Society 44 (9): 683–705. AES article record.

Cooper, Duane H., and Jerald L. Bauck. 1980. “On Acoustical Specification of Natural Stereo Imaging.” Paper presented at the AES 66th Convention, paper 1649. AES paper record.

Farina, Angelo. n.d. “Ambisonics Denoising.” Aurora. Accessed June 28, 2026. http://pcfarina.eng.unipr.it/Aurora/Ambisonics-Denoising.htm. Archived March 1, 2024: Wayback Machine copy.

Farina, Angelo. n.d. “SPS Conversion.” Accessed June 28, 2026. https://www.angelofarina.it/SPS-conversion.htm.

Fuchs, Guillaume, Florin Ghido, Dominik Weckbecker, and Oliver Thiergart. 2025. “A First-Order DirAC-Based Parametric Ambisonic Coder for Immersive Communications.” Paper presented at the IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASSP49660.2025.10888497.

Gardner, William G. 1997. 3-D Audio Using Loudspeakers. PhD diss., MIT Media Lab. PDF.

Gerzon, Michael A. 1973. “Periphony: With-Height Sound Reproduction.” Journal of the Audio Engineering Society 21 (1): 2–10. AES article record.

Gerzon, Michael A. 1975. “The Design of Precisely Coincident Microphone Arrays for Stereo and Surround Sound.” Paper presented at the AES 50th Convention, London, paper L-20. AES paper record.

Gerzon, Michael A. 1992. “The Design of Distance Panpots.” Paper presented at the AES 92nd Convention, Vienna, paper 3308. Michael Gerzon publication list.

Gerzon, Michael A. 1992. “Panpot Laws for Multispeaker Stereo.” Paper presented at the AES 92nd Convention, Vienna, paper 3309. AES paper record.

Gerzon, Michael A. n.d. “Surround Sound from 2-Channel Stereo.” Accessed June 29, 2026. PDF.

Greenlee, Shawn, Nick Thompson, and Alex Chechile. 2022. FOAFX. RISD Sound software and documentation repository. Accessed July 22, 2026. GitHub repository.

Hold, Christoph, Leo McCormack, Archontis Politis, and Ville Pulkki. 2024. “Perceptually-Motivated Spatial Audio Codec for Higher-Order Ambisonics Compression.” Paper presented at the IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing. Paper.

Institute of Electronic Music and Acoustics, University of Music and Performing Arts Graz. n.d. IEM Plug-in Suite. Software, documentation, and source. Accessed June 28, 2026. Project site.

Kronlachner, Matthias. 2014. Spatial Transformations for the Alteration of Ambisonic Recordings. Master’s thesis, Institute of Electronic Music and Acoustics, University of Music and Performing Arts Graz, and Graz University of Technology. Institutional record and PDF.

Likhachov, Denis, Nick Petrovsky, and Elias Azarov. 2023. “Improving Spatial Resolution of First-Order Ambisonics Using Sparse MDCT Representation.” In Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Pattern Recognition and Information Processing, 122–125. Paper.

McCormack, Leo, and SPARTA contributors. n.d. SPARTA: Spatial Audio Real-time Applications. Software, documentation, and source. Accessed June 28, 2026. Project site.

Politis, Archontis, Juha Vilkamo, and Ville Pulkki. 2015. “Sector-Based Parametric Sound Field Reproduction in the Spherical Harmonic Domain.” IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing 9 (5): 852–866. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTSP.2015.2415762.

Pulkki, Ville. 1997. “Virtual Sound Source Positioning Using Vector Base Amplitude Panning.” Journal of the Audio Engineering Society 45 (6): 456–466. AES article record.

Wiggins, Bruce. 2017. Sounds in Space 2017. Video.

Zotter, Franz, and Matthias Frank. 2012. “All-Round Ambisonic Panning and Decoding.” Journal of the Audio Engineering Society 60 (10): 807–820. AES open-access article and PDF.

Zotter, Franz, and Matthias Frank. 2019. Ambisonics: A Practical 3D Audio Theory for Recording, Studio Production, Sound Reinforcement, and Virtual Reality. Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17207-7.

Zotter, Franz, Matthias Frank, Matthias Kronlachner, and Jung-Woo Choi. 2014. “Efficient Phantom Source Widening and Diffuseness in Ambisonics.” In Proceedings of the EAA Joint Symposium on Auralization and Ambisonics, 69–74. https://doi.org/10.14279/depositonce-12.

Composers Desktop Project. n.d. CDP Documentation. Software reference documentation. Accessed July 22, 2026. Documentation home.

Deleflie, Etienne, and Greg Schiemer. 2009. “Spatial Grains: Imbuing Granular Particles With Spatial-Domain Information.” University of Wollongong repository.

Erbe, Tom. n.d. SoundHack and The Boneyard. Software and documentation. Accessed July 22, 2026. SoundHack freeware; The Boneyard.

Franck, Andreas, and Vesa Välimäki. 2012. “Higher-Order Integrated Wavetable Synthesis.” In Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Digital Audio Effects. DAFx paper archive.

Greenlee, Shawn, RISD Color Lab, Department of Digital + Media, and Division of Experimental and Foundation Studies. 2025. “Faculty Fellow Shawn Greenlee | HSL Grains: Graphical Sound Field Displacement.” Event Recordings 10. RISD Digital Commons.

Harker, Alex, and Pierre Alexandre Tremblay. n.d. HISSTools Impulse Response Toolbox. Software and documentation repository. Accessed June 28, 2026. GitHub repository.

Lyon, Eric, and Christopher Penrose. n.d. FFTease. Max/MSP external collection and documentation. Accessed June 28, 2026. GitHub repository.

Mariette, Nicholas. 2009. “AmbiGrainer: A Higher Order Ambisonic Granulator in Pd.” Paper presented at Ambisonics Symposium 2009, Graz, June 25–27. PDF.

Norris, Michael. n.d. SoundMagic Spectral. Software and documentation. Accessed June 28, 2026. Project page.

Peeters, Geoffroy. 2004. “A Large Set of Audio Features for Sound Description (Similarity and Classification) in the CUIDADO Project.” Technical report, IRCAM. PDF.

Roads, Curtis. 2001. Microsound. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Publisher page.

Smalley, Denis. 1997. “Spectromorphology: Explaining Sound-Shapes.” Organised Sound 2 (2): 107–126. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355771897009059.

Truax, Barry. n.d. “Granular Synthesis.” Accessed July 22, 2026. Overview and historical references.

After Later Audio. n.d. “Benjolin V2.” Accessed July 22, 2026. Product page; video walkthrough.

Anderson, Aaron. n.d. Terrain. Accessed July 22, 2026. GitHub repository.

Bencina, Ross. n.d. “Metasurface.” AudioMulch Help. Accessed July 12, 2026. http://www.audiomulch.com/help/metasurface.

Bischoff, John, Rich Gold, and Jim Horton. 1978. “Music for an Interactive Network of Microcomputers.” Computer Music Journal 2 (3). JSTOR.

Blackwell, Matthew. 2022. “A Guide to Toshimaru Nakamura’s No-Input Mixing Board.” Bandcamp Daily, April 11. Article.

Clockface Modular. n.d. “Epoch Modular Benjolin.” Accessed July 22, 2026. Product page.

Composers Inside Electronics. n.d. “David Tudor: Neural Network Plus.” Accessed July 22, 2026. Project archive.

Composers Inside Electronics. n.d. “David Tudor: Neural Synthesis Nos. 1–9.” Accessed July 22, 2026. Project archive.

Csound Developers. n.d. “gendy.” Csound Reference Manual. Accessed July 22, 2026. https://csound.com/docs/manual/gendy.html.

Cycling ’74. n.d. “pattrstorage.” Max Reference. Accessed July 12, 2026. https://docs.cycling74.com/reference/pattrstorage/.

Holzer, Derek. 2016. Pure Data Benjolin. Accessed July 22, 2026. Project page; GitHub repository.

Hordijk, Rob. 2009. “Benjolin Schematics.” electro-music.com forum. See also the 2010 “Benjolin PCB Layout for the Real DIY.” Accessed July 22, 2026. Schematic and design notes; PCB layout and bill of materials.

Hordijk, Rob. 2009. “The Blippoo Box: A Chaotic Electronic Music Instrument, Bent by Design.” Leonardo Music Journal 19: 35–43. https://doi.org/10.1162/lmj.2009.19.35.

Hunt, Jerry. 1993. “Gesture Modulation of Templates.” Accessed June 29, 2026. http://www.jerryhunt.org/gesture_mod.htm.

James, Stuart G. 2003. “Possibilities for Dynamical Wave Terrain Synthesis.” Paper presented at the Australasian Computer Music Conference. PDF.

La Synthèse Humaine. n.d. “Feedback Networks in the Style of David Tudor.” Accessed July 22, 2026. Video.

Luque, Sergio. 2006. Stochastic Synthesis: Origins and Extensions. Master’s thesis, Institute of Sonology, Royal Conservatory, The Netherlands. PDF.

Lyon, Eric. 2023. Automated Sound Design. First edition. Computer Music and Digital Audio Series, vol. DAS028. Middleton, WI: A-R Editions. 426 pages. ISBN 9780895799036; 9780895798947. Publisher page.

Madaghiele, Vincenzo, et al. 2025. “Expanding the Machine: Notating Generative Synthesis with a State-Based Representation and a Navigable Timbre Space.” Organised Sound 30. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355771825100915.

Mantione, Philip. 2024. “The Strange World of No-Input Mixing (+ Patching Ideas).” WaveInformer, February 17. Article.

Mudd, Tom. 2023. “Playing with Feedback: Unpredictability, Immediacy, and Entangled Agency in the No-Input Mixing Desk.” In Proceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Article 243, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1145/3544548.3580662; open author PDF.

Mudd, Tom, and Akira Brown. 2023. “Musical Pathways through the No-Input Mixer.” In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, article 56, 402–408. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11189224; PDF; NIME record.

Nakai, You. 2021. “Neural Syntheses.” In Reminded by the Instruments: David Tudor's Music, 557–578. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190686765.003.0011.

Nakamura, Toshimaru. n.d. “Bio: No-Input Mixing Board Player.” Accessed July 28, 2026. Artist biography.

Nam, Juhan, Vesa Välimäki, Julius O. Smith, and Jonathan S. Abel. 2010. “Efficient Antialiasing Oscillator Algorithms Using Low-Order Fractional Delay Filters.” IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing 18 (4): 773–785. https://doi.org/10.1109/TASL.2009.2035039.

PAiA Electronics. n.d. PAiA 4700/S Synthesizer System User Guide. Accessed July 22, 2026. PDF.

PAiA Electronics. n.d. “Build a Modular Electronic Music Synthesizer.” Accessed July 22, 2026. PDF.

Pietruszewski, Marcin. 2024. New Pulsar Generator (nuPG): Compositional Practice, Digital Sound Synthesis Model and Their Temporalities. PhD thesis, University of Edinburgh. https://doi.org/10.7488/era/4376; project page; public repository.

Roads, Curtis. 2001. “Sound Composition with Pulsars.” Journal of the Audio Engineering Society 49 (3): 134–147. AES article record.

Roads, Curtis. 2015. Composing Electronic Music: A New Aesthetic. New York: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195373233.001.0001.

Sequential. n.d. “1986 – Prophet VS.” In “About Dave Smith.” Accessed July 22, 2026. Sequential history.

Serra, Marie-Hélène. 1993. “Stochastic Composition and Stochastic Timbre: GENDY3 by Iannis Xenakis.” Perspectives of New Music 31 (1): 236–257. https://www.jstor.org/stable/833052.

Shepard, Roger N. 1964. “Circularity in Judgments of Relative Pitch.” Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 36 (12): 2346–2353. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1919362.

SuperCollider contributors. n.d. “Gendy3.” SuperCollider Class Library. Accessed July 22, 2026. https://doc.sccode.org/Classes/Gendy3.html.

Tagi, Eldar. 2023. “Harnessing Chaos: The Legacy of Rob Hordijk’s Benjolin.” Perfect Circuit Signal, May 12. Article.

Thorson, Mark, Forrest Warthman, and Mark Holler. 1993. “A Neural-Network Audio Synthesizer.” Dr. Dobb’s Journal. Archived article.

Wakefield, Graham, and Gregory Taylor. 2022. Generating Sound & Organizing Time: Thinking with gen~ Book 1. San Francisco: Cycling ’74. Publisher page.

Warthman, Forrest, and John D. S. Adams. 1995. Liner notes to David Tudor: Neural Synthesis Nos. 6–9. Lovely Music LCD 1602. DRAM notes.

Winkler, Todd. 1998. Composing Interactive Music: Techniques and Ideas Using Max. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Publisher page.

Xenakis, Iannis. 1992. Formalized Music: Thought and Mathematics in Composition. Revised edition. Stuyvesant, NY: Pendragon Press. Iannis Xenakis book archive.

Allen, Jont B., and David A. Berkley. 1979. “Image Method for Efficiently Simulating Small-Room Acoustics.” Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 65 (4): 943–950. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.382599.

Ayers, Lydia, and Andrew Horner. 2005. “Synthesizing a Javanese Gong Ageng.” In Proceedings of the International Computer Music Conference 2005, 644–647. ICMC proceedings paper.

Baker, Edward. 2026. audioBlast Vocabulary Server. Controlled vocabularies for Type of Call and Sound Production Method. Accessed July 23, 2026.

Baker, Edward, and David Chesmore. 2020. “Standardisation of Bioacoustic Terminology for Insects.” Biodiversity Data Journal 8: e54222. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.8.e54222.

Baldan, Stefano, Stefano Delle Monache, and Davide Rocchesso. 2017. “The Sound Design Toolkit.” SoftwareX 6: 255–260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.softx.2017.06.003.

Bartholomaus, Timothy C., Christopher F. Larsen, Shad O’Neel, and Michael E. West. 2012. “Calving Seismicity from Iceberg–Sea Surface Interactions.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface 117: F04029. https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JF002513.

Bilbao, Stefan. 2005. “Sound Synthesis for Nonlinear Plates.” In Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Digital Audio Effects, 243–248. DAFx paper.

Canfield-Dafilou, Elliot Kermit, and Kurt James Werner. 2017. “Modal Audio Effects: A Carillon Case Study.” In Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Digital Audio Effects, 247–254. Publication record and paper.

Carvalho, Miguel, Vincent Debut, and Jose Antunes. 2021. “Physical Modelling Techniques for the Dynamical Characterization and Sound Synthesis of Historical Bells.” Heritage Science 9: 157. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40494-021-00620-2.

Chadwick, Jeffrey N., and Doug L. James. 2011. “Animating Fire with Sound.” ACM Transactions on Graphics 30 (4), SIGGRAPH 2011. Accessed July 26, 2026. Cornell project page, paper, examples, and source code.

Cho, Sangjin. 2015. “Acoustic Analysis of a Jing Based on Drive Point and Blow Strength.” Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea 34 (4): 328–334. Journal article and full text.

Christian, Richard S., Robert E. Davis, Arnold Tubis, Craig A. Anderson, Ronald I. Mills, and Thomas D. Rossing. 1984. “Effects of Air Loading on Timpani Membrane Vibrations.” Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 76 (5): 1336–1345. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.391449.

Ducceschi, Michele, Cyril Touzé, and Stefan Bilbao. 2013. “Sound Synthesis of Gongs Obtained from Nonlinear Thin Plates Vibrations: Comparison Between a Modal Approach and a Finite Difference Scheme.” In SMAC Stockholm Music Acoustics Conference 2013. HAL paper and PDF.

Farnell, Andy. 2010. Designing Sound. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Publisher page.

Fowler-Finn, Kasey, and Stephen Vitiello. n.d. Too Hot to Sing: Discover Vibrational Communication in Insects. Saint Louis University virtual exhibit. Accessed July 22, 2026. Overview of signaling.

Friends of Notre-Dame de Paris. 2022. “The Silent Sounds of Notre-Dame’s Bells.” Project account.

Girard, Laureline, Stephan Gruber, Samuel Weber, and Jan Beutel. 2013. “Environmental Controls of Frost Cracking Revealed through In Situ Acoustic Emission Measurements in Steep Bedrock.” Geophysical Research Letters 40: 1748–1753. https://doi.org/10.1002/grl.50384.

Han, Je-Seok. 2013. “A Study on Close Microphone Techniques for Korean Traditional Musical Instruments (Gayageum, Haegeum, Daegeum, and Kkwaenggwari).” Journal of Korea Academia-Industrial Cooperation Society 14 (10): 4753–4761. https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2013.14.10.4753.

Hartbauer, Manfred, and Heiner Romer. 2016. “Rhythm Generation and Rhythm Perception in Insects: The Evolution of Synchronous Choruses.” Frontiers in Neuroscience 10: 223. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2016.00223.

Hudson, Thomas S., Alex M. Brisbourne, Fabian Walter, Dominik Gräff, Robert S. White, and Andrew M. Smith. 2020. “Icequake Source Mechanisms for Studying Glacial Sliding.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface 125: e2020JF005627. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JF005627.

Ihme, Matthias, Heinz Pitsch, and Daniel J. Bodony. 2009. “Radiation of Noise in Turbulent Non-Premixed Flames.” Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 32 (1): 1545–1553. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2008.06.137.

Kim, Youngmin, and Jun Kim. 2010. “A Study on the Harmonic Structure and Timbral Change by Playing Style of the Kkwaenggwari.” Journal of the Korean Society of Safety, Health and Arts 2 (1): 1–8. Article record.

Langlois, Timothy R., Changxi Zheng, and Doug L. James. 2016. “Toward Animating Water with Complex Acoustic Bubbles.” ACM Transactions on Graphics 35 (4), article 95. https://doi.org/10.1145/2897824.2925904.

Matsuyama, Katsutsugu, T. Fujimoto, K. Muraoka, and N. Chiba. 2005. “Generation of Tree Movement Sound Effects.” Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds 16: 531–545. https://doi.org/10.1002/cav.58.

Miklavcic, Stanley J., Andreas Zita, and Per Arvidsson. 2004. “Computational Real-Time Sound Synthesis of Rain.” In Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Digital Audio Effects, 169–172. DAFx paper archive.

Minnaert, Marcel. 1933. “On Musical Air-Bubbles and the Sounds of Running Water.” Philosophical Magazine 16 (104). https://doi.org/10.1080/14786443309462277.

Montealegre-Z, Fernando, James F. C. Windmill, Glenn K. Morris, and Daniel Roberts. 2009. “Mechanical Phase Shifters for Coherent Acoustic Radiation in the Stridulating Wings of Crickets: The Plectrum Mechanism.” Journal of Experimental Biology 212 (2): 257–269. https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.022731.

Murton, Julian B., Rorik Peterson, and Jean-Claude Ozouf. 2006. “Bedrock Fracture by Ice Segregation in Cold Regions.” Science 314 (5802): 1127–1129. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1132127.

Mutable Instruments. 2014. Elements. Open-source modal synthesis instrument by Émilie Gillet. Elements source repository.

Phillips, Samuel, Anurag Agarwal, and Peter Jordan. 2018. “The Sound Produced by a Dripping Tap Is Driven by Resonant Oscillations of an Entrapped Air Bubble.” Scientific Reports 8, article 9515. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-27913-0.

Potamitis, Ilyas, and Iraklis Rigakis. 2016. “Measuring the Fundamental Frequency and the Harmonic Properties of the Wingbeat of a Large Number of Mosquitoes in Flight Using 2D Optoacoustic Sensors.” Applied Acoustics 109: 54–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2016.03.005.

Ramakrishna, B. S., and Man Mohan Sondhi. 1954. “Vibrations of Indian Musical Drums Regarded as Composite Membranes.” Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 26 (4): 523–529. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1907369.

Robinson, Edwin S. 1983. “Flexural–Gravity Waves on Floating Stratified Ice.” Journal of Glaciology 29 (101): 133–141. https://doi.org/10.3189/S0022143000005207.

Romeyn, Rowan, and Alfred Hanssen. 2023. “Microphone Recording of Flexural Waves for Estimation of Lake Ice Thickness.” Cold Regions Science and Technology 211: 103875. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2023.103875.

Shah, Tristan A., Michael C. Stanley, and James E. Warner. 2025. “Generative Modeling of Microweather Wind Velocities for Urban Air Mobility.” Paper presented at the 46th IEEE Aerospace Conference, Big Sky, Montana. NASA Technical Reports Server; code and data repository.

Smith, Julius O., III. 1987. Music Applications of Digital Waveguides. CCRMA Department of Music Report STAN-M-39. Stanford, CA: Stanford University. CCRMA report (PDF).

Smith, Julius O., III. 2006. A Basic Introduction to Digital Waveguide Synthesis. CCRMA, Stanford University. Online book; see also the wind-instrument and bowed-string schematics.

Suzuki, Hideo, and Yun-Fan Hwang. 2008. “Coupling between Two Membranes of a Japanese Drum.” Acoustical Science and Technology 29 (3): 215–220. https://doi.org/10.1250/ast.29.215.

van den Doel, Kees. 2005. “Physically Based Models for Liquid Sounds.” ACM Transactions on Applied Perception 2 (4). https://doi.org/10.1145/1101530.1101554.

Van Duyne, Scott A., and Julius O. Smith III. n.d. “The Tetrahedral Digital Waveguide Mesh.” CCRMA, Stanford University. Accessed August 2, 2026. Paper (PDF).

Worland, Randy. 2010. “Normal Modes of a Musical Drumhead under Non-Uniform Tension.” Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 127 (1): 525–533. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.3268605.

Young, David, and H. C. Bennet-Clark. 1995. “The Role of the Tymbal in Cicada Sound Production.” Journal of Experimental Biology 198 (4): 1001–1020. https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.198.4.1001.

Zhang, Chao, Zijun Feng, Chen Mi, Zhengnan Chen, Haojian Geng, and Chenguang Shen. 2023. “Experimental Study on Acoustic Emission Characteristics of High Temperature Thermal Shock Directional Fracturing of Granite with Different Heating Conditions.” Engineering Fracture Mechanics 289: 109427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2023.109427.

Atal, B. S., and Suzanne L. Hanauer. 1971. “Speech Analysis and Synthesis by Linear Prediction of the Speech Wave.” Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 50 (2B): 637–655. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1912679.

Fant, Gunnar. 1960. Acoustic Theory of Speech Production: With Calculations Based on X-Ray Studies of Russian Articulations. The Hague: Mouton. Google Books record.

Morise, Masanori. 2015. “CheapTrick, a Spectral Envelope Estimator for High-Quality Speech Synthesis.” Speech Communication 67: 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.specom.2014.09.003.

Morise, Masanori. 2016. “D4C, a Band-Aperiodicity Estimator for High-Quality Speech Synthesis.” Speech Communication 84: 57–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.specom.2016.09.001.

Morise, Masanori. 2017. “Harvest: A High-Performance Fundamental Frequency Estimator from Speech Signals.” In Proceedings of Interspeech 2017, 2321–2325. https://doi.org/10.21437/Interspeech.2017-68.

Morise, Masanori. n.d. WORLD. Source code and implementation references. Accessed July 22, 2026. GitHub repository.

Morise, Masanori, Fumiya Yokomori, and Kenji Ozawa. 2016. “WORLD: A Vocoder-Based High-Quality Speech Synthesis System for Real-Time Applications.” IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems E99-D (7): 1877–1884. Article.

Morise, Masanori, Genta Miyashita, and Kenji Ozawa. 2017. “Low-Dimensional Representation of Spectral Envelope Without Deterioration for Full-Band Speech Analysis/Synthesis System.” In Proceedings of Interspeech 2017, 409–413. https://doi.org/10.21437/Interspeech.2017-67.

Ahmed, Nasir, T. Raj Natarajan, and K. R. Rao. 1974. “Discrete Cosine Transform.” IEEE Transactions on Computers C-23 (1): 90–93. https://doi.org/10.1109/T-C.1974.223784.

Atal, B. S., and M. R. Schroeder. 1970. “Adaptive Predictive Coding of Speech Signals.” Bell System Technical Journal 49 (8): 1973–1986. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1538-7305.1970.tb04297.x.

Chowning, John M. 1973. “The Synthesis of Complex Audio Spectra by Means of Frequency Modulation.” Journal of the Audio Engineering Society 21 (7): 526–534. AES E-Library record.

Hoeve, H., J. Timmermans, and L. B. Vries. 1982. “Error Correction and Concealment in the Compact Disc System.” Philips Technical Review 40 (6): 166–172. Article scan.

Inose, Hiroshi, Yasuhiko Yasuda, and J. Murakami. 1962. “A Telemetering System by Code Modulation—Δ-Σ Modulation.” IRE Transactions on Space Electronics and Telemetry SET-8 (3): 204–209. https://doi.org/10.1109/IRET-SET.1962.5008839.

International Telecommunication Union. 1988. “G.711: Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) of Voice Frequencies.” Recommendation page.

International Telecommunication Union. 1988. “V.29: 9600 Bits per Second Modem Standardized for Use on Point-to-Point 4-Wire Leased Telephone-Type Circuits.” Recommendation page.

International Telecommunication Union. 1999. “G.711 Appendix I: A High Quality Low-Complexity Algorithm for Packet Loss Concealment with G.711.” Recommendation page.

International Telecommunication Union. 2012. “G.722: 7 kHz Audio-Coding within 64 kbit/s.” Recommendation page.

International Telecommunication Union. 2012. “G.729: Coding of Speech at 8 kbit/s Using Conjugate-Structure Algebraic-Code-Excited Linear Prediction (CS-ACELP).” Recommendation page.

International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee. 1961. “Recommendation T.16: Facsimile Transmission of Meteorological Charts over Radio Circuits.” In CCITT Red Book, Volume VII: Telegraph Technique and Data Transmission. ITU historical scan.

Jayant, N. S. 1973. “Adaptive Quantization With a One-Word Memory.” Bell System Technical Journal 52 (7): 1119–1144. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1538-7305.1973.tb02008.x.

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 2014. NOAA KLM User’s Guide, sections 1.2.5 and 4.2. Official guide.

National Security Agency. n.d. A Candle in the Dark: A History of Moreau’s Wave and Baudot’s Printing Telegraph. NSA historical monograph.

Range Commanders Council. 2020. “Digitized Audio Telemetry Standard.” Chapter 5 of Telemetry Standards, RCC Standard 106-20. Official standard.

Schroeder, M. R., and B. S. Atal. 1985. “Code-Excited Linear Prediction (CELP): High-Quality Speech at Very Low Bit Rates.” Paper presented at the IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 937–940. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASSP.1985.1168147.

Smithsonian National Museum of American History. n.d. “Telegraph Sounder.” Collection record.